Zhongxin Finance, May 31 (Reporter Li Jinlei) The superposition of unexpected factors such as a new round of epidemic and changes in the international situation has brought a considerable impact on the Chinese economy.Unemployment rose in April, especially for the 16-24 age group, which hit 18.2%.
The State Council recently convened a nationwide teleconference on stabilizing the economy, making efforts to ensure that the economy achieves reasonable growth in the second quarter and the unemployment rate drops as soon as possible.How to stabilize employment and reduce unemployment?Where is the key?In this regard, Jin Li, acting vice president of Southern University of Science and Technology, accepted anexclusive interview with the "China New Observation" column ofChinanews.com to interpret it.
Keeping market players can keep jobs
Zhongxin Finance and Economics: The current employment situation is grim. In April, the surveyed unemployment rate in cities and towns nationwide was 6.1%. What is the key to reducing the unemployment rate as soon as possible?
Jin Li:To reduce the unemployment rate, one must keep market players in order to keep jobs.Enterprises, especially private enterprises, are the main force in absorbing the employment of college students.Although short-term relief can rely on the government, state-owned enterprises and public institutions, in the long run, new jobs will basically rely on private enterprises.At present, many enterprises are struggling and unable to provide new employment opportunities.In the past, several "engines" for college students' employment and recruitment, including the Internet, education and training, and real estate-related industries, as well as some financial industries, encountered great pressure, and the economic downturn superimposed the rising human capital. In addition, the epidemic affected the supply chain and the confidence of some private entrepreneurs. Insufficient, all lead to small and medium-sized enterprises, especially the owners of manufacturing enterprises are reluctant to recruit people.It is necessary to put forward targeted countermeasures to bail out enterprises according to the actual difficulties of different enterprises, to boost the confidence of private enterprises, to persist in reform and opening up, and to allocate resources in a market-oriented way.
Second, we must systematically solve the breakpoints and blockages in the job market.The job search of college students is restricted by the epidemic, and many companies are unable to enter the campus to meet students.In addition to various recruitment websites, local Human Resources and Social Security Bureaus or industry associations can organize more specialized job fairs and double-selection fairs to be a bridge for enterprises and college graduates to recruit and employ.According to the situation of the epidemic, the school recruitment period for this year may be appropriately extended.
Community anti-epidemic needs can provide many job opportunities in the short term
Zhongxin Finance and Economics: The number of college graduates exceeded 10 million for the first time. Youth employment, especially college graduates, is under great pressure. How to stabilize youth employment?
Jin Li:It is necessary to systematically study and judge the problem of new employment, do everything possible to create conditions conducive to the employment of college students, and conduct in-depth research on which industries have the possibility of providing more employment for graduates.Although the overall economic downturn, some industries have been less affected, and some industries are still rising against the trend.At present, private enterprises have several industries that attract better employment, such as new energy and new materials, biomedicine, and intelligent manufacturing, especially the automobile manufacturing industry.The community anti-epidemic needs at the grassroots level can provide graduates with many job opportunities in the short term, and these opportunities are conducive to newly graduated college students to contact the grassroots.
At the same time, it is necessary to encourage the development of some industries that are not so high-end but can absorb more jobs.For example, the current ratio of students to teachers in kindergartens and primary schools is low, which should be supplemented.The total number of nurses in urban and rural hospitals is not enough, and we can no longer rely on migrant nurses. Some ordinary undergraduate graduates can be trained to replace them.After this epidemic, the quality and number of cadres in urban and rural communities are obviously insufficient, and they should be supplemented.The government can also provide a certain time-limited base salary subsidy to encourage manufacturing enterprises to recruit college graduates.
Encourage college graduates to "go to heaven"
Zhongxin Finance and Economics: You propose to actively launch the "Going to Earth" plan for college graduates. Please introduce this proposal in detail.
Jin Li:"Going to the sky" means going to the cloud, and "going to the ground" means going down to the grassroots.
Through centralized or targeted technical training such as artificial intelligence, data technology, cloud computing, and blockchain, it helps newly graduated college students to master the necessary knowledge and skills for the development of the digital economy era, andencourages them to set off a wave of study and certificate exams.In order to encourage fresh graduates to participate in the study and training, it can be stipulated that as long as they participate in the training and study and pass the relevant qualification examinations, and meet certain conditions, it can be determined that this year is still the time of study in school, and the qualifications of fresh graduates can still be retained next year to participate in the school. trick.Qualified local governments can also provide some training scholarships to those students who are ambitious and able to study, but whose families are relatively poor.
In view of the fact that my country has entered a period of high incidence of social risks such as epidemics and finance, it can be considered to absorb a group of university graduates in the form of purchasing services to replace volunteers as a normalized configuration for testing and flow adjustment. The time is about two years.Fresh college graduates have high quality. If they are used to carry out the prevention and control of social risks such as epidemics and finance, which are universally beneficial to the whole people, they can alleviate the employment pressure and at the same time enhance the people's awareness of risk prevention and control, and resolve hidden risks at the source.Led by the social comprehensive management department, with the cooperation of the education and social security departments, the new graduates are systematically trained to improve their basic knowledge of epidemic and financial risk prevention and control, and then they are deployed in a grid to improve the public's awareness of risk prevention and control. ability to handle.
The fresh graduates also strengthen their understanding of relevant national policies and regulations, and have extensive contact with the grassroots, increase social experience and interpersonal skills, and lay a solid foundation for future development.Qualified colleges and universities can also be used to carry out short-term accelerated special training on a pilot basis. Those who pass the examination after training will be dispatched to the grassroots by relevant departments to conduct social risk publicity work.Its job performance evaluation serves as an important reference for future selection of civil servants and re-recruitment.Preliminary calculations show that a qualified fresh graduate can be employed for about three months through a combination of online and offline training.If they are employed for the next nine months, they can defer their employment by one year.If there is an average of one risk publicity and disposal personnel per 10,000 residents, about 140,000 people can be allocated to the country's 1.4 billion population, which is more than 1% of fresh college graduates.
Allow more students to defer graduation and retain fresh graduate status
Zhongxin Finance and Economics: In order to help college graduates find employment, the state has proposed to implement a plan to raise one million trainee positions, and carry out special measures such as national college secretaries and principals visiting enterprises to expand jobs and promote employment. It has also made it clear that the platform economy will drive more employment. What new measures are there to expand employment space?
Jin Li:First, it is suggested to urgently mobilize qualified state-owned enterprises, public institutions and government departments to provide as many enrollment quotas as possible to absorb new graduates, and the state will give certain financial subsidies.
Second, it is suggested that the state should coordinate and prioritize college graduates to join the army within the existing conscription plan. On the one hand, the overall quality of the troops will be improved, and on the other hand, the physique of "barbaric" college students will be strengthened to strengthen their spirit and enhance their competitiveness in the future.
The third is to suggest that in response to the special difficulties this year, the Ministry of Education urgently approves enrollment quotas, mobilizes qualified colleges and universities to carry out special expansion of postgraduate and dual-degree enrollment,and allows qualified colleges and universities to adopt a more flexible academic system, allowing more students to postpone graduation and Retain the status of fresh students, let these students stay in school for an extra year or two, and continue to improve human capital.
Fourth, a large number of industries in my country need digital transformation and related digital talents. It is recommended to seize the opportunity to carry out digital upgrade training for college graduates.Through the method of "+digitalization", fresh graduates are sent to qualified colleges and universities in data management, computer, big data and other related majors to cultivate cross-compound talents.
The fifth is to strengthen school-enterprise cooperation. Some college graduates can be organized to combine their study in school with internships in enterprises, and the state will provide a certain fee subsidy to provide enterprises with a large number of interns without increasing the labor cost of enterprises. Help Enterprises accelerate digital transformation.At present, many companies report that what students learn in school is not practical enough.Through in-depth school-enterprise cooperation, the cost of retraining after recruiting graduates can be reduced, and the willingness of enterprises to employ workers can be improved.
Support some innovative recruitment models
Zhongxin Finance and Economics: There are still structural problems in the job market. Some people are not working, and there are people who are not working. How to solve this mismatch problem?
Jin Li:To solve structural problems, structural means are also needed.For some pain points and blocking points formed in the employment link, it is also necessary to increase the adjustment and government support.For example, support and standardize intermediary services, and promote the use of digital methods to improve the efficiency of recruitment and the coverage of employment promotion.
The introduction of policies to support some innovative recruitment models, such as the live broadcast platform's attempt to "live a job with jobs", has achieved good results, especially for blue-collar jobs in the manufacturing industry.The other is to systematically solve the disconnect between the current talent training mechanism and employment needs.Universities and other talent training units need to intervene in the needs of enterprises in advance, and put career planning education and employment guidance throughout the entire process of talent training.According to the needs of enterprises, the practice and training of professional skills are carried out in advance to help students acquire necessary professional knowledge and practical skills, and to carry out career planning and workplace positioning around social needs.
Encourage young people to go to places and jobs where the country is more needed
Zhongxin Finance and Economics: This year, the popularity of employment in state-owned enterprises and the tide of public examinations continue to heat up, and the mentality of seeking stability has intensified. On the other hand, there are more and more people with flexible employment.Any advice for individual college students?
Jin Li:Nowadays, many young people rely too much on their parents. This giant baby mentality comes from the lack of family training and school education.They grew up in an era of economic prosperity. Regardless of urban or rural areas, they are basically only children. Many are spoiled and cannot bear hardships. As a result, migrant workers are not short of jobs, but college students are short of jobs.
In the survey, it was found that the income of intensive care is very high, but it is very hard, and many college students are disdainful.There are a large number of jobs in industries such as smart manufacturing in second- and third-tier cities.But many college students gather in first-tier cities and are reluctant to go.We should increase publicity efforts to encourage young people, especially college students, to go to places and jobs that are more needed by the country.
When the economy was good, the problem of giant babies was covered up under life choices such as lying flat and Buddhist, and many families absorbed their children's problem of not seeking to improve themselves.After the situation has changed,many young people may be forced to put down their dignity and take up jobs that they usually do not look down on due to economic pressure.Perhaps instead, after being baptized by such a difficult life, they can be tempered into more tenacious people and become the backbone of the country's future construction.(Finish)
【Editor: Liu Huan】
