Since the beginning of this year, the domestic and foreign environments have become more complex, severe and uncertain, and market players, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, have faced more difficulties and increased pressure.
In the face of challenges, the State Council has recently issued a package of 33 policies to stabilize the economy in 6 areas. The financial department earnestly shoulders its responsibilities, takes the initiative to act, and intensively launches a series of measures to effectively help enterprises solve problems in production and operation, and help market players overcome difficulties. Climbing and climbing over hurdles provide strong support for the smooth operation of the economy.
Help enterprises climb the hill
Small, medium and micro enterprises are large in number and wide in scope, and are an important foundation for stabilizing the economy and the main support for stabilizing employment.Affected by the spread of the domestic epidemic, some market players, especially small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households, have encountered difficulties such as cash flow constraints.
Large-scale tax cuts and tax rebates to reduce costs."Since this year, the Ministry of Finance has continued to improve financial macro-control, implemented new combined tax and fee support policies, etc., to strengthen support for market players." Assistant Minister of Finance Owen Han said that the tax rebate and tax reduction this year is about 2.5 trillion yuan. , of which about 1.5 trillion yuan in tax rebates, completely solving the problem of tax rebates in six industries including small and micro enterprises and manufacturing.Recently, the State Council decided to include seven industries including wholesale and retail into the policy scope of full monthly refund of incremental tax credits and one-time full refund of existing tax credits, and an additional tax refund of 142 billion yuan. Businesses can get cash flow support.
Phased deferred payment of social security premiums to tide over difficulties.Owen Han introduced that, on the one hand, the extension of the deferment period will cover the payment of the three social insurance units for eligible micro, small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households, as well as the pension for 5 extremely difficult industries such as small and medium-sized enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, and catering and retail. The period for deferred payment of insurance premiums will be extended to the end of this year.On the other hand, the scope of implementation will be expanded, and the three insurance premium policies of deferred pension, unemployment, and work-related injury for the above-mentioned five extremely difficult industries will be extended to those severely impacted by the epidemic and the production and operation difficulties of large-scale enterprises in the industry, which are in line with the direction of national industrial policies. and other extremely difficult industries, helping enterprises to resume production and operation and tide over the temporary difficulties.
In addition, implement the financing incentive and subsidy policy and provide strong support.Including guidance and urging the National Financing Guarantee Fund to strictly implement the requirement that the scale of re-guarantee cooperation business should not be less than 1 trillion yuan; continue to implement the policy of reducing fees and subsidies for financing guarantees for small and micro enterprises until 2023; The capital of 3 billion yuan will be supported to expand the scale of financing guarantee business and reduce the guarantee rate, so as to further alleviate the difficulty and high cost of financing for small and micro enterprises.
"This year's fiscal policy will be stronger, faster, with clearer goals and broader benefits for the industry, which is conducive to increasing corporate cash flow and boosting business expectations and confidence, reflecting the policy's requirement to do what it should and what it can do. , reflecting the more active and proactive responsibility of the financial department." said Luo Zhiheng, chief economist of Yuekai Securities and dean of the research institute.
A series of powerful and effective relief policies to help enterprises have continuously strengthened the confidence of market players to cope with difficulties.The Ministry of Finance stated that in the next step, financial departments at all levels will strengthen coordination and cooperation with taxation, the People's Bank of China and other departments, release policy dividends as soon as possible, help enterprises to relieve difficulties, enhance the endogenous driving force for development, and promote economic operation within a reasonable range.
Increase procurement support
Increasing government procurement to support small and medium-sized enterprises is an important part of the State Council's package of policy measures to stabilize the economy.
"In recent years, the Ministry of Finance has continuously improved relevant government procurement policies, and actively supported small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in government procurement through measures such as reserved shares, preferential price review, and reduction of bidding costs. The government procurement contracts awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises accounted for about 75% of the total procurement scale. ” said Wang Xiaolong, director of the Treasury Department of the Ministry of Finance.
In the past two years, small and medium-sized enterprises have faced challenges such as shrinking markets and declining orders, and they are calling for clearer and stronger policy support.In order to help small and medium-sized enterprises to increase orders and increase their momentum, the Ministry of Finance recently issued a notice requiring all regions and departments to increase government procurement to support small and medium-sized enterprises, so as to help the stable and healthy development of the economy.
The notice requires that all regions and departments should standardize the setting of qualification conditions, lower the threshold for SMEs to participate, ensure the contract share of SMEs through the overall reservation of projects and reasonable reservation of procurement packages, and actively provide convenience for SMEs to participate in procurement activities. Strictly pay procurement funds in accordance with regulations, effectively reducing the financial pressure of small and medium-sized enterprises.
At the same time, adjust the price review preferential margin for small and micro enterprises.The price deduction discount granted to small and micro enterprises in the procurement of goods and services has been increased from 6% to 10% previously stipulated to 10% to 20%.Where large and medium-sized enterprises form a consortium with small and micro enterprises, or where large and medium-sized enterprises subcontract to small and micro enterprises, the preferential rate of review will be increased from 2% to 3% to 4% to 6%.
In addition, the reserved share of government procurement projects for small and medium-sized enterprises has also been increased.If the engineering procurement projects of less than 4 million yuan are suitable to be provided by small and medium-sized enterprises, the purchaser shall purchase exclusively for small and medium-sized enterprises.Among the engineering procurement projects with more than 4 million yuan that are suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, under the premise of adhering to the principles of openness, fairness, fair competition and unified quality standards, the reserved share for small and medium-sized enterprises in the second half of 2022 will be increased from more than 30% in stages. to more than 40%.
"Government procurement is an important means of macro-control. Increasing government procurement to support small and medium-sized enterprises not only takes into account the current difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises, but also finds out ways to help small and medium-sized enterprises. By increasing market opportunities, it will bring survival and prosperity to small and medium-sized enterprises. There is room for development," said Li Xuhong, director of the Institute of Fiscal and Taxation Policy and Application of Beijing National Accounting Institute.
Stimulate the vitality of market players
Helping enterprises to bail out is not only "emergency relief", but also to focus on the long-term and enhance the endogenous power of market players.Since the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Finance has launched a series of policy measures focusing on giving play to the key role of investment and accelerating the recovery of consumption, helping enterprises to accelerate their growth and continuously stimulating the vitality of market players.
On the one hand, accelerate the progress of fiscal expenditure and actively expand effective investment.This year, local governments will speed up the issuance and use of local government special bonds, and strive to promote stable growth and investment.As of May 27, a total of 1.85 trillion yuan of new special bonds had been issued, an increase of about 1.36 trillion yuan compared with the same period last year, accounting for 54% of the issued quota, giving full play to the special bonds that drive the expansion of effective investment and stabilize the macroeconomic market. positive effect.
In order to better play the multiplier effect of government investment and guide social investment to form stable expectations, the Ministry of Finance recently further clarified the issuance and use time limit of new special bonds this year, and stated that it will ensure that the issuance of new special bonds this year will be basically completed by the end of June, and strive to be issued by the end of August. It is basically used up before, and new infrastructure and new energy projects are included in the key support scope of special bonds.
Owenhan said that the central government will also urge the release of various transfer payments as soon as possible, and at the same time require all localities to strengthen the management of budget execution and effectively bring the progress of expenditures up.Speed up the construction of major projects that have been included in the annual plan, increase the vitality of stock funds, and give full play to the benefits of funds and policies as soon as possible.
On the other hand, it will promote the continuous recovery of residents' consumption and fully release the potential of domestic demand.In order to cope with the downward pressure on the economy and boost automobile consumption, the Ministry of Finance recently issued a notice that the purchase date is within the period from June 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 and the price of a bicycle (excluding VAT) does not exceed 300,000. For passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters and below, the vehicle purchase tax will be halved, and it is estimated that the vehicle purchase tax will be reduced by 60 billion yuan.
The automobile industry is an important pillar industry of the national economy."This policy is implemented together with the new energy vehicle vehicle purchase tax exemption policy, which directly reduces the cost of residents' car purchases, helps to release consumption potential, and promotes automobile consumption; it is conducive to promoting the process of resumption of work and production at the production end of enterprises and promoting the overall recovery of the automobile industry. The recovery and long-term development will play a positive role in promoting it," said Jia Rong'e, director of the Ministry of Finance's taxation department.
It is worth noting that, in the face of the current downward pressure on the economy, the financial department, while increasing macro-policy control and stabilizing the economy, has taken multiple and comprehensive measures to strengthen the management of fiscal expenditures to ensure that various livelihood policies are implemented in a timely manner.Up to now, the transfer payment rate from the central government to local governments has exceeded 90%. Except for the funds settled according to the facts and the policy has not yet been determined, all other qualified transfer payments have been issued.Among them, the one-time arrangement to support the implementation of tax cuts and fee reductions at the grassroots level and the transfer payment of 1.2 trillion yuan for key people's livelihoods has all been distributed to local governments, and livelihood subsidy funds such as assistance to the needy have been basically allocated, providing sufficient financial resources for local governments to ensure basic people's livelihood.
"The intensity of a series of policies exceeded market expectations, reflecting the government's determination to live a "good life" with the government's 'tight days' for market players. Based on stabilizing the economy, employment and prices, and easing the difficulties of enterprises and the financial pressure of local governments, Improve the anti-risk ability of market entities and the financial ability of local governments to implement various policies, and promote economic operation to remain within the normal range." Luo Zhiheng said.
(Editor in charge: Guan Jing)
