At present, China's new urbanization is still in a period of development opportunities.Entering a new stage of development, the basic conditions and task requirements of urbanization construction have undergone major changes. How should a new round of new urbanization be carried out?
The reporter from the "Economic Information Daily" learned that in order to further improve the quality of my country's urbanization development and clarify the main goals, tasks and development directions, the "National New Urbanization Plan (2021-2035)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") has been approved by relevant departments and sent to the local.This is the top-level design of a new round of new urbanization for 2035, following my country's first new urbanization plan "National New Urbanization Plan (2014-2020)" in 2014.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's new urbanization has made significant progress, and the level and quality of urbanization have been greatly improved, which has strongly supported the continuous growth of my country's economy and the continuous improvement of residents' living standards.By the end of 2021, the urbanization rate of my country's permanent population has increased to 64.72%.
Relevant people said that my country is a developing country with a population of 1.4 billion. To achieve urbanization, there is no precedent in human history, and the complexity can be imagined."It is precisely because of this that in the process of the last round of rapid urbanization, my country's urban development exposed some problems that should be paid attention to. For example, some super-large cities have over-concentrated functions, the population in central urban areas is over-aggregated, and small cities and county towns are crowded together. Industry and population are insufficient, and some urban construction ignores the carrying capacity of resources and environment, and is greedy for foreign countries.”
At the same time, as economic development enters a new historical stage, the urbanization process is facing a shift in growth rate.The above-mentioned person stated that the labor productivity of my country's agricultural and non-agricultural industries, and the income gap between urban and rural residents are still large, the driving force of urbanization is still strong, and the migration of farmers to cities is still a major trend.However, the economy has entered a medium-to-high-speed growth cycle, the total population and structure may change, the scale of migrant workers will tend to decline, and urbanization will shift from the later stage of rapid development to the stage of platform development.
"Due to changes in the development foundation and conditions, my country's urbanization strategy must be adjusted, and this "Plan" is to give clear guidance to this important historical stage." The above-mentioned person revealed that according to the current urbanization rate of nearly 65%, The new phased targets for my country's urbanization rate have been slightly adjusted.At the same time, a timetable is also given for the process of urbanization of agricultural transfer population.
According to the "Planning", the construction of new urbanization should be "based on the basic national conditions, follow objective laws, take advantage of the situation, and follow the trend".It is necessary to "completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept into the whole process of urbanization, effectively transform the way of urban development, and make innovation the main driving force for urban development." , limit the capacity, revitalize the stock, optimize the increment, improve the quality, and focus on enhancing the sustainability and livability of urban development.
It is worth mentioning that the new round of new urbanization development in my country will take the urban agglomeration as the main form, and the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns.By promoting intensive and compact urban development and green and low-carbon transformation, comprehensively improve the quality of urbanization development.In this regard, the just-approved "14th Five-Year Plan for New Urbanization Implementation Plan" also made relevant statements.
"The changes in the power points of the two rounds of new urbanization can be seen behind the changes in the policy orientation." Wang Kai, president of the China Urban Planning and Design Institute, said at the 2022 Spring Forum of the China City Hundred People Forum. The highlight is the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns, and the urbanization construction with county towns as an important carrier.Emphasizing "urban-rural integration", promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas with counties as the basic unit, insisting on supplementing agriculture with industry and leading rural areas with urban areas, and promoting the two-way free flow of urban and rural elements and the rational allocation of public resources.
The role of counties as the carrier of in-situ urbanization is constantly emerging.Taking Henan Province, a province with a large agricultural population, as an example, according to official data from Henan Province, the proportion of urban population absorbed by county-level cities (county towns) has increased significantly. The rate is close to 5%, which is higher than the average annual growth rate of urban population in municipal districts.From the comparison of the growth rate of urbanization rate, the average annual growth rate of urbanization in county-level cities and county towns from 2010 to 2020 is significantly higher than that of municipal districts.County-level cities have gradually become the main bearing units of new-type urbanization and the main positions for the transfer and settlement of rural labor force.
Guotai Junan analyst Fang Yi said that my country's urbanization development has entered a mature stage, and urbanization with county towns as an important carrier has become a new feature. And the driving effect on urbanization has become more and more prominent.The county seat is an important part of my country's urban system, and investment in the county seat is both necessary and potential.
Fang Yi said that urbanization is the greatest potential for my country to expand domestic demand.Further improving the level of urbanization will help more farmers to increase their income through employment transfer, so that the urban consumer group will continue to expand, the consumption structure will continue to upgrade, and the consumption potential will continue to be released.At the same time, it will also bring investment needs in urban infrastructure, public service facilities and residential construction.
(Editor: Wen Jing)
