Gradient cultivation of "specialized and special new" small and medium-sized enterprises
In order to guide the vast number of small and medium-sized enterprises to follow the development path of "specialization, specialization and innovation", the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology recently issued the "Interim Measures for the Gradient Cultivation and Management of High-quality Small and Medium-sized Enterprises" (hereinafter referred to as the "Measures"), proposing to cultivate innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, "specialized and specialized". There are three levels of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, including "special new" small and medium-sized enterprises and "little giant" enterprises. A fair and impartial evaluation and identification procedure has been formulated, and a working mechanism for dynamic management and cultivation and support of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises has been established.
Unified and standardized training system
High-quality small and medium-sized enterprises have strong innovation ability and good growth potential, which is the basic force to improve the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain and supply chain.Yang Jianjun, vice president of the China Electronics Standardization Institute, believes that, on the one hand, over 60% of the “little giants” that specialize in and specialize in new products are engaged in the basic industrial field, which is an important source of innovation and effectively promotes the research and industrialization of core technologies; On the one hand, a large number of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises have formed a relatively complete industrial system together with leading enterprises by virtue of their long-term deep cultivation of professional fields and meticulous supporting capabilities, which effectively guarantees the stability of my country's industrial chain and supply chain.
After years of cultivation, the existing 4,762 "little giants" enterprises are gradually growing into the vanguards focusing on market segments, strong innovation ability, high market share, and excellent quality and efficiency.At the same time, local industry authorities have also carried out the cultivation of "specialized, specialized and new" small and medium-sized enterprises. , there are certain differences in conceptual understanding, and the boundaries of gradient cultivation are not clear.In addition, the provincial-level "specialized, special, and new" SME cultivation standards are formulated by each region and each has its own system, which is not conducive to the continuous development of cultivation work.
"The promulgation of the "Measures" is precisely to form a unified and standardized gradient cultivation system for high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises at the national level, which can not only better guide all parties in the society to accurately locate high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, standardize the cultivation work, but also provide high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises for the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises. Quality development provides step-by-step goals for reference, and guides enterprises to continuously enhance their comprehensive strength and core competitiveness, and gradually move towards well-known domestic and international enterprises." Yang Jianjun said.
Zhu Yu, vice president of the China Association of Small and Medium Enterprises, told reporters that the "Measures" clearly define what is "high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises", that is, small and medium-sized enterprises with strong innovation ability, focus on market segments, and good growth in terms of products, technology, management, and models. enterprise."The three gradients are clearly structured and connected to each other, which is helpful for enterprises to see the gaps and deficiencies, and clarify the direction of their efforts. At the same time, standardizing the evaluation and identification work and putting forward systematic requirements for cultivation management will help the competent departments of small and medium-sized enterprises at all levels to improve the quality of services. Targeted and precise.”
In Zhu Yu's view, it is easier for recognized high-quality SMEs to obtain financial subsidies and financial support.Specifically, in January 2021, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued the "Notice on Supporting the High-Quality Development of "Specialized, Specialized, and New" Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, and proposed that from 2021 to 2025, the central government will arrange a total of more than 10 billion yuan in awards. Supplement funds, guide local governments to improve support policies and public service systems, and focus on supporting the high-quality development of more than 1,000 national-level specialized, specialized, and new "little giant" enterprises in three batches (each batch not exceeding three years), and promote these enterprises to play an exemplary role .In addition, state-owned banks have formulated attractive bank credit and preferential loan conditions for "specialized, specialized, and new" enterprises.
Innovation is the top priority
Innovation is the source of power for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and an indispensable core capability for high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises.Cultivating the innovation ability of enterprises should not only focus on the results, but also on the process.Yang Jianjun introduced that the "Measures" strengthen the guidance of enterprises from the two dimensions of innovation input and innovation output, focusing on R&D funding and R&D personnel investment, the construction of high-level R&D institutions, the ownership of independent intellectual property rights and the industrialization of key basic products. Breakthrough or commercial application, etc.Especially in the setting of R&D investment indicators, taking into account large-scale enterprises and small-scale "potential stocks", three types of differentiation requirements are set.
It is worth noting that the "Measures" for the first time put forward "innovation straight-through conditions", giving a moderate preference to enterprises with outstanding innovation capabilities and industrial chain functions, but slightly lacking other conditions.
专业化是优质中小企业的一个重要特征，是企业核心竞争力的重要组成部分。中小企业资源相对有限，精准定位和长期专注主导产品是中小企业的生命线，也是提升企业收入、打造“配套专家”的重要途径。
“《办法》明确了从事特定细分市场时间、主营业务收入占比、主导产品市场占有率、主导产品所属领域、为重点龙头企业提供配套产品和服务等专业化重点培育方向。”杨建军解释。
此外，《办法》将企业成长性、资金链健康度、质量管理与品牌运营作为中小企业经营管理的重点，引导中小企业围绕企业财务、品牌建设、质量管理体系等运营情况开展PDCA(计划—实施—检查—改进)循环提升，不断优化经营管理模式，激发管理效能。
杨建军告诉记者，为确保梯度指标设置科学性，《办法》充分考虑新冠肺炎疫情等对中小企业的影响，将主营收入增长率等指标考察区间放宽到近两年，并根据不同梯度的企业设置了差异化的要求，如“专精特新”中小企业指标中近两年的主营业务收入增长率达到10%即为满分，专精特新“小巨人”企业则将“近两年主营业务收入增长率”指标的最低门槛值设定为5%。
普惠与精准结合
优质中小企业梯度培育离不开政策工具的持续扶持，《办法》明确要求，应提高政策精准性和有效性。杨建军建议，国家及各省智库应充分发挥“智囊参谋”作用，持续深化中央与地方协作，推动政企合作，深入开展战略与政策研究，支撑政府制定一揽子惠企政策，形成多维度政策“组合拳”。同时，深入开展优质中小企业培育和扶持政策解读宣贯工作，推动政策精准惠及优质企业。
数字化是提升企业管理水平的“倍增器”，应深入研究优质中小企业数字化转型需求，鼓励优质中小企业依据两化融合、智能制造成熟度、数据管理能力成熟度等标准开展对标，抓住重点场景应用，提升产品创新、业务优化、管理变革能力。引导数字化服务提供商为中小企业开展数字化“问诊把脉”，挖掘数字化提升潜力，分行业、分领域为中小企业遴选和推广一批便捷、成本低廉的场景数字化解决方案，助力中小企业通过数字化手段提升企业运营能力与精细化管理水平。
The cultivation of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises should focus on the word "cultivation". If the cultivation efforts are accurate and sufficient, more high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises will naturally emerge.The "Measures" proposes to focus on improving the breadth, depth, accuracy and response speed of services through the combination of inclusive services and precision services.
Zhu Yu believes that various service agencies should be guided to increase their service assistance to high-quality SMEs. By building platforms such as the docking of innovation achievements, the integration and innovation of large and medium-sized enterprises, and innovation and entrepreneurship competitions, service resources should be gathered, and service methods should be innovated to provide small and medium-sized enterprises. Provide full-cycle, all-round and multi-level services.
Yang Jianjun gave more specific suggestions: various public service platforms for SMEs should strengthen their own capacity building, improve platform service capabilities, service quality and response speed, and tailor-made exclusive service packages for high-quality SMEs at different stages and levels of development .Qualified local governments can cooperate with public service platforms for small and medium-sized enterprises to carry out public welfare services or reduce or exempt some service fees for high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises by issuing service vouchers and holding monthly service activities.
"To give full play to the role of the basic public service platform of industrial technology, provide more and better standard verification, measurement testing, certification and accreditation and other basic key technology research services for high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as policy research, industrial operation analysis and forecasting and other information services." Yang Jianjun Say.
【Editor: Wang Yu】
